SOJT TRAINING AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO AVIATION

Structured On-the-Job Training (SOJT) significantly improves training efficiency in aircraft maintenance by integrating theoretical knowledge with hands-on practice. Participants learn aircraft systems directly on the aircraft, gain real operational experience, and perform maintenance tasks in a safer, higher-quality, and more effective manner.

Aviation authorities support the SOJT approach as a model for sustainable and effective learning. This not only increases the impact of current training programs but also strengthens the skills and motivation of the next generation of technicians.

Dear Readers,

This month, I would like to introduce you to SOJT (Structured On-the-Job Training). This training model is not limited to the aviation sector; it is widely used across many industries. Developed countries adopted this approach years ago under the concept of school–industry cooperation, abandoning the traditional school–internship model long ago.

Let us now focus on the aircraft maintenance sector. A brief look at the history of training in this field will help us understand how the system evolved. The training discussed here applies to Part-145 maintenance organizations. (Part-147 training will be covered in future articles.)

Historical Background

Initially, aircraft-based training was introduced under the name “Field Trip.” At first, this was not mandatory, but it later became compulsory and was integrated into theoretical type training programs. At that time, only a single training certificate was issued, and most organizations did not explicitly mention the field training on the certificate—it was simply included in the training syllabus.

The content was limited to aircraft systems and component locations. Some civil aviation authorities even requested aircraft registration details to verify that trainees had physical access to an aircraft.

Later, authorities concluded that this approach was insufficient and introduced On-the-Job Training (OJT). For Part-145 organizations, OJT certificates began to be issued separately from theoretical certificates.

It is important to note that this OJT is not the same as the OJT required to activate a first type rating on a blank license.

More recently, aviation authorities required that practical training be provided by Part-147 organizations, and the program was officially renamed “Practical Training.”

Transition to the SOJT System

One of the leading aviation authorities, EASA (European Union Aviation Safety Agency), has encouraged European states to adopt the SOJT model. Many countries have already begun preparations, and some have already implemented this system.

Why SOJT?

After completing a theoretical type course, technicians must also receive practical training. However, theoretical certificates are valid for only three years for license endorsement.

In many cases, practical training cannot be provided immediately after theoretical courses. This time gap causes knowledge loss and reduces training effectiveness—ultimately affecting flight safety.

Because “flight safety comes first,” aviation authorities now support SOJT as a more efficient, integrated, and high-quality training model.

Although SOJT is not yet mandatory, many airlines and training organizations have started implementing it because of its proven success.

How SOJT Works

SOJT combines classroom-based theory with real operational practice. Up to 50% of the practical training may be delivered in a classroom environment using Synthetic Training Devices (STD), where available.

Before performing any task on the aircraft, trainees are taught:

How the system works

The safety procedures

Possible failure modes and causes

Relevant maintenance documentation

Related systems and cockpit indications

How to use the Troubleshooting Manual (TSM) and Fault Isolation Manual (FIM)



Where and how to perform system tests

Tasks are then analyzed, and trainees are shown how structured learning improves performance, motivation, and long-term quality.

SOJT Implementation

Traditionally, OJT is delivered by Part-145 organizations.

For SOJT to succeed, Part-145 and Part-147 organizations must work together.

Whether a Part-145 organization can independently deliver SOJT depends on its internal structure, resources, and competencies.

In my professional opinion, an SOJT instructor must possess both strong theoretical knowledge and extensive hands-on experience. Having worked for many years both on aircraft and in training departments, I have seen the value of this balanced approach.

You can think of SOJT like an apple:

one half theory, the other half practice.

If one is missing, the training will never be fully effective.

Final Note

If you would like to learn more, you are welcome to contact me with your questions or training requests.

As always, remember: “Knowledge becomes more valuable when it is shared.”

Due to my previous YouTube channel being compromised, I have created a new one. I invite those who are new to the profession or interested in these topics to subscribe and share.

Thank you for reading. I send you all my warm regards and best wishes.